Patent 13 / Contactless Authentication with Duress Detection
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Siten Sanghvi  ·  Granted Oct 10, 2023

Contactless Authentication with Duress Detection

A contactless authentication platform that routes interactive challenges to the user's own device — never shared surfaces — and silently detects when a user is operating under coercion, without alerting the coercer.

US11784991B2Patent
Jul 20, 2020Filed
39 monthsTime to grant
21 Claims / 3 independentScope
4 CitationsForward citations
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Visual patent explainer
02 / The Problem

Shared surfaces create two unsolved problems.

Traditional banking authentication forces users to interact with shared kiosk terminals — touching surfaces handled by strangers, entering PINs in public. But there's a worse problem than hygiene: when a user is being coerced, there's no safe way to signal distress without alerting the attacker.

Shared Surface RiskCredentials entered on communal terminals expose users to skimming, shoulder-surfing, and contamination
No Coercion ChannelA user forced to authenticate at gunpoint has no way to silently signal distress — any visible alert tips off the attacker
Undifferentiated OutputsStandard systems return the same error message regardless of whether auth failed legitimately or due to duress — no intelligence downstream
03 / The Invention

Auth on your own device. Duress in plain sight — invisible to the attacker.

When a user initiates an event at a bank terminal, the platform sends an interactive authentication challenge to the user's pre-registered personal device — not the shared kiosk. The user responds on hardware only they control.

If the user is under duress, they include a pre-designated duress character anywhere in their authentication response. The platform detects it, authenticates normally to the coercer's eye, but simultaneously routes a silent alert to staff — and returns a specifically differentiated output distinguishable from a normal auth failure.

04 / Architecture

Terminal initiates. Personal device authenticates.

The enterprise terminal handles only the event request and the final response. All authentication happens on the user's own pre-registered device — severing the shared-surface attack surface entirely.

The platform retrieves user data from a database to generate a personalized interactive challenge — not a static form — before routing it to the registered device.

Authentication Architecture — US11784991B2
Bank Terminal
Event request + user ID
Contactless
Platform
Retrieve
User Profile
Generate
Auth Challenge
User's Personal
Device
Platform
Evaluates
Process or
Deny Event
05 / Auth Flow

The challenge goes to you — not the terminal.

The platform generates a personalized interactive authentication request and transmits it directly to the user's pre-registered device. The user responds from their own hardware — their personal phone, not the bank's shared touchscreen.

Select a scenario below to see how the platform responds to each authentication outcome.

Authentication Outcomes
06 / Duress Detection

One extra character. An invisible distress signal.

A user can pre-register a duress character — a specific digit, symbol, or position that they insert into their normal authentication response when under coercion. The platform recognizes it instantly; the attacker sees only what appears to be a normal PIN entry.

The duress trigger activates a distinct response path — alerting staff or security while allowing the event to appear to proceed normally, protecting the user from retaliation.

Duress PIN Scenarios
07 / Output Differentiation

Three distinct responses. Each one speaks to a different audience.

The platform generates differentiated outputs depending on the authentication result — allowing systems downstream to act on richer signal than a binary pass/fail, while keeping the user-facing display controlled.

The coercer sees the user-facing display. Staff and connected systems receive the internal alert. Neither sees the other's output.

Response Matrix — US11784991B2

Auth Success

First authentication output. Event is processed. Transmitted to the terminal and/or personal device.

Auth Failure

Second authentication output — different from the first. Event denied. Transmitted with enough distinction for downstream systems to log and analyze.

Duress Detected

Authentication response triggers the duress path. Platform generates the success-facing output to protect the user — while simultaneously routing a silent alert to staff. The attacker sees a normal completion; security receives a coded alert.

08 / Device Registration

Pre-registration creates the trusted channel.

The system works because the user's personal device is pre-registered — known to the platform before any authentication event. When a challenge is issued, it goes to a device only the legitimate user controls, not any device a bad actor might intercept.

The platform retrieves user computing device data from a database tied to the user's profile — ensuring that even if credentials are stolen, auth challenges cannot be redirected to an attacker's device.

Registration & Trust Model
User registers
personal device
Device ID stored
in user profile DB
Auth event triggered
at terminal
Platform looks up
registered device
Challenge routed to
registered device only
09 / Applications

Contactless auth with coercion awareness across banking touchpoints.

The combination of contactless interaction, pre-registered device routing, and silent duress signaling enables a range of high-security use cases across in-person banking and beyond.

Use Cases — US11784991B2
Express
Contactless ATM & Branch Authentication User authenticates via personal device instead of shared kiosk — no physical contact required with bank terminals.
Express
Silent Duress Alerting Pre-registered duress character in PIN triggers a covert staff alert without visible indication to the coercer — protecting the user during the event.
Inferred
High-Security Transaction Approval Large wire transfers or high-risk events could require device-routed interactive challenge — adding a step attackers can't intercept at the terminal.
Inferred
Fraud Intelligence from Auth Failures Differentiated auth outputs create a richer event log — distinguishing genuine failures from duress attempts for downstream fraud analytics.
10 / Citations

4 Forward Citations

Granted in late 2023, this patent has already been cited by four organizations building on its contactless authentication and event-processing framework — a fast adoption signal for a patent covering post-pandemic contactless infrastructure.

Individual assignee details confirmed via Google Patents · Jun 22, 2026
Forward Citations (4 of 4)
4 forward citations confirmed Multiple assignees View full citation list on Google Patents →
Note: Individual assignee details were inaccessible via automated tooling at time of build due to page rendering constraints. Full list available on Google Patents.
11 / Timeline

Patent Lifecycle

Jul 20, 2020
Filed
Application filed
18 months
Jan 20, 2022
Published
Pre-grant publication US20220021666A1
21 months
Oct 10, 2023
Granted
US11784991B2 granted
~18 years
Sep 16, 2041
Expires
Est. expiration (subject to maintenance fees)
End / Patent 13