Patent 30 / Blockchain Token Split & Burn
01 / 11 US12236418B2
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Siten Sanghvi  ·  Sole Inventor  ·  Granted Feb 25, 2025

Blockchain Token Split & Burn

A blockchain token lifecycle mechanism: one token splits into two via a deliberate dual-block fork — both new blocks reference the same immediately preceding block, an intentional deviation from linear chain structure. The original token is permanently retired through a burn mechanism: the deprecated token is linked to a locked, dead-wallet identifier and excluded from all live ownership queries on the distributed ledger. Enriched financial metadata travels with the new tokens through the split.

US12236418B2Patent
Jan 12, 2023Filed
25 monthsTime to grant
System / CRM / Method3 independent claims
Sole InventorSiten Sanghvi
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Visual patent explainer
02 / The Problem

Blockchain tokens are atomic. Once issued, a token cannot be divided — it must be destroyed and reissued, or transferred whole. This breaks financial instruments that represent fractional claims.

Many real-world financial instruments naturally split over their lifecycle: a loan paid down over time changes its value split between principal and interest; a shared investment needs to be divided among multiple parties; an asset is sold at a ratio that doesn't match the original token denomination. Blockchain's append-only linear chain structure makes clean token splitting architecturally non-trivial.

Atomicity ProblemA token is indivisible by default. Systems that need fractional tokenization typically destroy the original token and issue multiple new ones — but this breaks the chain of custody record: the new tokens have no provenance link to the original
Burn Without TraceBurning (retiring) tokens in most implementations simply marks them as transferred to an unspendable address — but they remain visible in ownership queries, cluttering the active token set. No formal exclusion mechanism ensures retired tokens don't appear in ledger scans
Metadata Loss on SplitWhen a token is manually destroyed and reissued as multiples, enriched financial metadata (loan interest rate, asset composition percentage, originating instrument details) must be re-attached to each new token — an error-prone manual step that breaks data continuity
03 / The Invention

Split: two new blocks, both referencing the same preceding block. Burn: deprecated token linked to a permanently locked wallet, excluded from all live ownership queries.

The split mechanism creates a deliberate fork in the chain: instead of the next block referencing the immediately preceding block in a linear chain, two new blocks are generated that both reference the same preceding block. This is an intentional bifurcation — the distributed node network propagates both new blocks as the successors to the split point, each carrying a portion of the original token's value and metadata.

The burn mechanism is equally precise: the deprecated token (the original that was split) is assigned a locked wallet identifier — a permanent, immutable address that can never authorize a transfer. Critically, live ownership queries on the distributed ledger are structured to exclude tokens linked to locked wallet identifiers. The burned token doesn't just go to an unspendable address — it's categorically excluded from the active token set at query time.

04 / Dual-Block Fork

Both new blocks reference the same immediately preceding block — a deliberate, structured bifurcation of the chain at the split point.

Traditional blockchain structure is strictly linear: each new block references exactly one preceding block. The split mechanism deliberately breaks this constraint at the split point. The result is a fork with two successors — both are valid, both carry a portion of the original token's value and metadata, and the distributed network propagates both as the legitimate chain-tip pair.

The original token's block remains in the chain as the shared preceding block for both successors. Its metadata (original value, enriched financial attributes) is inherited and distributed across the two new tokens according to the split parameters. The smart contract can encode the split ratio and metadata distribution rules.

Block Structure — Dual Fork — US12236418B2
Block N-1
Earlier block · Preceding link
Block N — Original Token
Token A · Full value · Enriched metadata
SPLIT
Block N+1A — Token B
Portion 1 · Inherits metadata · Refs Block N
Block N+1B — Token C
Portion 2 · Inherits metadata · Refs Block N
Block N — Burned
Linked to locked wallet · Excluded from live queries
05 / Enriched Metadata

Each token carries enriched financial metadata — loan value, interest rate, and asset percentage — that propagates through splits and burns without re-attachment.

The distributed ledger system maintains enriched financial data as intrinsic properties of the token, not as external linked records. Metadata attributes include a loan value (the financial principal or face value of the underlying instrument), an interest rate (a percentage applying to the loan value), and an asset percentage (the fractional ownership stake this token represents in the underlying asset).

When a token splits, these metadata fields are inherited by each successor token — divided, maintained, or recalculated according to the split parameters. The metadata chain of custody is preserved: each successor token traces its enriched attributes back to the original token through the block reference chain. This eliminates the manual re-attachment step that breaks data continuity in conventional token burn-and-reissue approaches.

Token Metadata Structure — US12236418B2

Loan Value

The financial principal or face value of the underlying instrument. Distributed across successor tokens according to split ratio. Provenance-linked to original token through block reference chain.

Interest Rate

A percentage field applying to the loan value. Inherited by successor tokens on split — the yield obligation travels with the fractional claim. No manual re-attachment required after split.

Asset Percentage

The fractional ownership stake this token represents in the underlying asset. On split: recalculated for each successor token based on the split ratio. Maintains total asset claim continuity across all successors.

PoW Nonce Block

Each token block includes a Proof-of-Work nonce field. The distributed node network validates the nonce before accepting and propagating a new block — including both blocks in a dual-block fork split.

06 / Token Lifecycle

Split, burn, distributed propagation — select a scenario to trace a token through its lifecycle on the distributed ledger.

The four core lifecycle operations: a standard split, a smart contract triggered split, a burn with query exclusion, and distributed node propagation after a fork.

Token Lifecycle Scenarios
07 / Node Propagation

After a split, both successor blocks propagate through the distributed node network — consensus must accept a fork, not a conflict.

The distributed ledger's node network validates and propagates new blocks. In a standard linear chain, any block that references the same preceding block as an existing block is treated as a conflict and rejected. The split mechanism changes this: both successor blocks are valid, both reference the same preceding block by design, and the network consensus rules recognize a dual-fork as a legitimate split operation rather than a conflict.

Each node in the distributed network updates its local copy of the ledger to reflect both successor tokens as the chain-tip pair at the split point. The chain-tip reference — the indicator of the current end-of-chain state — advances to encompass both forks simultaneously. Subsequent transactions involving either successor token reference its specific block, maintaining clean chain provenance for each.

Network Propagation — US12236418B2

Dual-Fork Consensus

Node network consensus rules treat dual-block fork from a split operation as valid. Both successor blocks accepted and propagated. Standard fork-rejection rules do not apply to authorized split events.

Chain-Tip Reference

After split: chain tip advances to a two-block head. Each node maintains both blocks as current chain state. Subsequent transactions reference either fork by its specific block hash.

PoW Nonce Validation

Each of the two new successor blocks carries a Proof-of-Work nonce. Nodes validate both nonces before accepting and propagating the fork. Invalid nonce on either block rejects the split.

Locked Wallet Propagation

After burn: locked wallet assignment propagates to all nodes. Live query exclusion is network-wide. No node will return the burned token in active ownership scans — exclusion is distributed and consensus-enforced.

08 / Applications

Tokenized loan portfolios, fractional real estate, shared investment vehicles, and DeFi protocol operations — anywhere a blockchain asset needs to be cleanly split and its predecessor retired.

The split-and-burn mechanism solves a foundational problem for financial instrument tokenization: how do you divide ownership claims on a blockchain while maintaining provenance continuity and excluding retired tokens from active queries?

Use Cases — US12236418B2
Express
Loan Participation Split A bank originates a $10M commercial loan and tokenizes it as a single token. Three financial institutions want to participate at different levels. Smart contract triggers a split: original token splits into three successor tokens ($4M, $3M, $3M) via dual-block forks. Original token burned. Each institution's token carries full metadata: loan value (their share), interest rate, asset percentage. Full chain of custody from origination to participation preserved.
Express
Fractional Real Estate Tokenization Property worth $2M tokenized as single token. Owner sells 30% stake. Token splits: one successor (70%) stays with owner, one (30%) transfers to buyer. Each carries asset percentage metadata: 70% and 30% respectively. Original token burned. Live ledger queries return two active tokens for the property — neither query nor title search shows a retired token in the active ownership set.
Inferred
Token Supply Management DeFi protocol needs to retire deprecated token classes after a protocol upgrade. Old tokens burned via locked wallet mechanism. New token class issued separately. Live ownership queries on upgraded protocol exclude all burned tokens by locked-wallet filter. No manual exclusion list required — the burn mechanism handles exclusion at the ledger infrastructure level.
Inferred
Portfolio Rebalancing Investment token representing a multi-asset portfolio needs rebalancing after one asset is sold. Token splits: successor A retains remaining assets, successor B represents the liquidated position. Successor B is burned after cash settlement. Remaining portfolio token carries updated asset percentages. Full audit trail of the rebalance event preserved in block references.
09 / Citations

Forward Citations

No forward citations found as of this check. US12236418B2 was granted February 2025 — citation data is still accumulating. Verify the current list on Google Patents.

Forward citation check: Jun 23, 2026 · Static fetch; Google Patents citations are JS-rendered
Forward Citations — US12236418B2
No citations available yet Granted Feb 2025 — citation index still populating Check Google Patents for the current forward citation list.
10 / Sole Inventor

One of five sole-inventor patents in the portfolio. P24, P27, P31, and P32 — each covering a distinct technology domain — also carry a single inventor: Siten Sanghvi.

Sole-inventor patents are relatively rare in institutional research environments, where collaborative invention is the norm. US12236418B2 represents a complete, independently conceived and prosecuted invention: the dual-block fork split mechanism, the locked-wallet burn with query exclusion, and the enriched metadata propagation framework — all developed and patented by a single inventor.

The 25-month prosecution period (January 2023 to February 2025) is consistent with the technical depth of the claims: distributed ledger consensus rules, block structure mechanics, and financial metadata continuity across split events are all non-trivial inventions that require thorough examination. The grant represents a clear allowance of the core dual-fork and query-exclusion claims.

Sole Inventor — US12236418B2
Sole Inventor
Siten Sanghvi
One of five sole-inventor patents in the 34-patent portfolio. The other four are P24 (Edge Node Auth), P27 (Privacy Governance Engine), P31 (Satellite Fraud Detection), and P32 (Satellite Resource Transmission) — covering network authentication, data privacy, and satellite communications. This patent covers blockchain token lifecycle mechanics.

P24 · Edge Node Auth

Authentication and trust calibration for edge computing nodes. Decentralized auth architecture.

P27 · Privacy Governance

AI-driven data classification engine mapping data elements to privacy policies. CRM-embedded governance.

P31 · Satellite Fraud

Satellite communications as fraud-detection channel when cellular/Wi-Fi unavailable. Device ID mismatch scoring.

P32 · Satellite Resource

Satellite as payment channel: chunked bandwidth-aware resource transmission, geo-triggered delivery, POS terminal mode.

P30 · This Patent

Blockchain token split via dual-block fork + burn via locked-wallet exclusion. Enriched metadata propagation.

11 / Timeline

Patent Lifecycle

Jan 12, 2023
Filed
Application filed — B2 patent, sole inventor
18 months
Jul 18, 2024
Published
Pre-grant publication US20240242204A1
7 months
Feb 25, 2025
Granted
US12236418B2 granted — 25 months from filing
~18 years
Jul 2, 2043
Expires
Adjusted expiration with Patent Term Adjustment
End / Patent 30